Evaluating the Viability of Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Culture Media Model
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Abstract:
Introduction: In diabetes mellitus, stem cells are exposed to inappropriate conditions such as an increase of glucose in extracellular space, oxidative stress, and deprivation from growth factors (following ischemia). This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of these conditions on stem cells. Methods: Stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of rats. The cells were maintained for 24 h in culture medium containing 25-50 mM glucose to simulate hyperglycemic condition. For the induction of the ischemic model, the cells were incubated for 12-36 h with the medium deprived of glucose- and growth factors. To induce oxidative stress, H2O2 was added at concentrations of 100-800 μM to the medium of the cells for 24 h. The cell viability was determined using the Thiazolyl blue Tetrazolium Bromide assay. Results: The increase in the glucose of culture medium from 25 mM to 50 mM did not affect the viability of stem cells. The percent of viable cells was significantly decreased after 12, 24, and 36 h incubation with glucose- and growth factors-free medium (P < 0.05). Concentrations of 400 and 800 μM of H2O2 significantly decreased the percent of viable cells (P < 0.01). The increase in the glucose of culture medium did not further enhance H2O2 cytotoxicity. Conclusions: In a short time, stem cells are more vulnerable to oxidative stress and deprivation from glucose and growth factors compared to glucotoxicity. Therefore, reactive oxygen radicals and blood flow disorders are of the main causes of stem cell damage and, as a result, reduced tissue regeneration in diabetes.
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Journal title
volume 11 issue 4
pages 10- 13
publication date 2020-02
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